Week 3 assignment 1

First, you will create a thesis statement that includes a clear research question that you are answering. A thesis statement is a 1 or 2-sentence statement that condenses the argument you will make in your pp. It identifies the topic of your pp and indicates the position you will take with the topic you present in your pp. It will be the guide for the content and focus of your pp r and subsequent presentation.

This assignment will require no references, though its’ development should be based on your review of the literature. Thus, your thesis statement will consider this information as you develop your clear, specific, and succinct thesis statement that will direct your other assignments in this course. Keep in mind that this should generally be one sentence and no more than two sentences. It is important that you are able to summarize your topic and position succinctly to truly be clear on what you are reviewing and applying.

Length: 1-2 sentences

Efficacy Of Treatment in a Correctional Environment

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Efficacy Of Treatment in a Correctional Environment

There are presently 11 million individuals being kept in prisons or jails around the globe, and each year 30 million people are taken into and released from custody. Persons who are released from prisons or correctional institutions have a greater likelihood of repeat offenses than individuals who receive community-based punishments, and they are responsible for approximately one fifth of all new offenses perpetrated each year. Individuals who have been released from jail have a recidivism rate that is typically between one third and one half within two years. The social costs of reoffending are significant, and they include the repercussions on public health and the economy that are connected with them. For instance, it is estimated that the yearly economical and societal cost of recidivism is more than £18.1 billion in the United Kingdom and over 13 billion in only one big state in the United States (Illinois).

Several psychological therapies have been employed in correctional facilities in an effort to enhance outcomes for formerly incarcerated individuals and, more specifically, to cut the rate of recidivism. According to meta-analyses, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) programs are some of the most effective therapies, reducing the likelihood of recidivism by 20–30%. Some evaluations have claimed that these programs are among the most beneficial. In addition, there is a correlation between treatment program compliance to risk–need–responsivity principles and decreases in recidivism; nevertheless, this association is based mostly on quasi-experimental research. Overall, the efficacy of most prison-based interventions on recidivism remains unknown due to contradictory data and a variety of constraints.

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Article	Article reference	Thesis/hypothesis	Sample	Methods	Findings	Evaluation
1	Beaudry, G., Yu, R., Perry, A. E., & Fazel, S. (2021). Effectiveness of psychological interventions in prison to reduce recidivism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(9), 759-773.	The efficiency of measures implemented inside of correctional facilities to greatly reduce on re-offending after release	The samples included both men and women, but the re-offending result was not presented separately by sex. At minimum 90percent of the males in the samples were documented as males, whilst those with less than 90percent males were documented as both.	Systematic review and meta-analysis were used. Extracting intervention effects on re-offending and projected risk of bias on each RCT was done using a standardized approach. When doing the planned sensitivity analysis, studies with less than 50 participants were excluded.	According to the findings of two research, therapeutic communities were related with lower rates of criminal reoffending.	Continuity of care in community-based settings and therapeutic communities are highlighted as areas worthy of further study. Modifiable risk factors for recidivism should be prioritized while creating novel therapies.
2	Ondeng, A. M. J. (2018). Effectiveness of offender rehabilitation programmes in addressing the psychological needs of women offenders within the prisons in Kenya. Unpublished thesis Submitted to the School of Humanities and Social Sciences in Partial Fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Counseling Psychology) of Kenyatta University.	Evaluating the efficacy of current offender rehabilitation programs in meeting the emotional and mental health requirements of female criminals in Kenya and to propose reforms aimed at improving the chances of successful reintegration into society.	For the female criminals, the sample was selected using Yamane’s formula (Yamane, 1967), whereas the female prisons were sampled using a purposive method.	Questionnaires, focus groups, and interview protocols were used to compile the data. Participants were deliberately recruited using a predetermined sample criteria in order to complete the questionnaires and FGDs. Each interview and focus group discussion were mediated by the researcher themselves. One research worker took notes during interviews and focus group talks, while the other recorded the conversations.	According to the research, most rehabilitation programs emphasized the development of marketable skills, such as those involved in the provision of food and clothing. Unfortunately, not every woman’s prison offered the same programming options. The majority of the programs were not regulated, and thus, relatively few prisoners took part in them.	Evaluation suggests that women’s particular psychological requirement related to victimization, toxic relationships, familial hardship, low self-efficacy, and other psychological problems, as well as substance abuse, are not addressed during rehabilitation. The research finds that because of this fact, most ex-inmates return to society after their release unprepared to deal with the problems that initially led to their imprisonment, increasing the likelihood that they would commit new crimes and be rearrested.
3	Wiese, P. R. (1994). Efficacy of addiction treatment in a correctional setting for female offenders as measured by the Addiction Severity Index. Andrews University.	Addicts’ pre- and post-test ratings of their own issue severity will not correlate significantly with researchers’ ratings of problem severity.	The participants were a random sample of female addicts. The use of a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design was attributed in partially to the fact that the 2 groups were non- randomly allocated to groups and were intended to be distinct from one another (by philosophy and policy).	Subjects’ degrees of addiction were rated on the Addiction Severity Index’s (ASI) seven-factor psychosocial scale. Pairwise t tests were used to examine the hypotheses. The average scores of the 3 groups on both the pre- and post-tests were examined, in addition to the scores of the groups themselves. A correlation analysis was then used to assess the significance of potential predictors of treatment results based on subject characteristics. The correlation analysis was used to compare the participant’s self-reported severity of difficulties with the study’s evaluation, which helped to settle any concerns about the relative validity of subjective and objective data.	The treatment groups differed from one another and from the control group on a number of psychosocial score categories, and these variations were statistically significant. These findings indicate that education is preferable to doing nothing at all, and that a more all-encompassing treatment strategy is preferable to education alone.	Evaluation shows that treatment for substance abuse was effective for jailed women. It also showed that neither the Education group nor the Control group (who were put on a waiting list) saw any appreciable gains in the outcomes that were monitored.

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