Discussion 4 psy525
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Discussion 4
Critically think about the ethical issues surrounding the research report and plagiarism. Familiarize yourself with Module 4’s objectives, introduction, video, and articles. Use the articles in Module 4 as your primary reference, then use the St Leo Online Library for peer review sources and to find relevance to this week’s topic.
Please share your information with our classmates on this thread.
Questions:
1. There are many ethical issues that need to be considered when preparing and essentially writing a research report. It is suggested by Barnett and Campbell (2012) that the APA Code of Ethics contains two ethical principles that address reporting accuracy and transparency (Cooper, 2016). What are these two principles and what do they address? Why is it important for a researcher to understand the various aspect of report writing?
Hint: The ethical principles are: Substandard 8.10, is meant to protect the integrity of the scientific enterprise. It states that psychologists do not fabricate data, and if they discover errors after data have been published, they take steps to remedy the situation.
Substandard 5.01 states that, “Psychologist do not knowingly make public statements that are false , deceptive , or fraudulent concerning their research, practice or other activities or those of person or organizations with which they are affiliate” (p.8).
2. The Office of Research and Integrity (ORI) and Merriam-Webster have similar definitions for the term plagiarism. What are the forms of plagiarism and what are some of the ways that plagiarism can be combatted? What core values are violated when a researcher uses plagiarism in his/her work?
Integrity and the Research Report
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Ethical Issues in Preparing the Research Report
- Principles to follow
- Justice—who will be the author(s)
- Authorship based on contribution
- If equal contribution, typically alphabetical order for presentation or publication.
- Scientific integrity —accurate and honest reporting
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Writing the Research Report
- Presentation should be honest an written with integrity
- Avoid plagiarism—not giving another person credit for their work
- How to indicate another’s work
- Quotation marks
- Indented material
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Scientific Fraud
- Data Falsification
- Fabricating the data
- Not fully reporting data
- Plagiarism
- Presenting ideas or elements of another’s work as your own
- Deliberate vs. non-deliberate (naive) = it’s all plagiarism
- Ignorance & sloppiness are not legitimate excuses.
- Cite sources of your ideas when you use the exact words (include quotation marks and page number) and when you paraphrase.
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Plagiarism (continued)
Example of a Correctly Cited Direct Quote
“Informed by developments in case law, the police use various methods of interrogation — including the presentation of false evidence (e.g., fake polygraph, fingerprints, or other forensic test results; staged eyewitness identifications), appeals to God and religion, feigned friendship, and the use of prison informants” (Kassin & Kiechel, 1996, p. 125).
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Plagiarism (continued)
Example of Plagiarism
(No Citation Accompanying Paraphrased Material)
Research investigations of deceptive interrogation methods to extract confessions are important because police use false evidence (e.g., fake test results) and false witnesses when interrogating suspects. Interrogators also pressure suspects by pretending to be their friends.
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Plagiarism (continued)
Example of Paraphrased Material with Correct Citation
Research investigations of deceptive interrogation methods to extract confessions are important because police use false evidence (e.g., fake test results) and false witnesses when interrogating suspects (Kassin & Kiechel, 1996). Kassin and Kiechel also state that interrogators pressure suspects by pretending to be their friends.
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