Complete the following exercise worksheets: Events at the SynapseGeneration of an Action PotentialPropagation and Velocity of the Action PotentialResting Membrane Potential

Complete the following exercise worksheets: Events at the SynapseGeneration of an Action PotentialPropagation and Velocity of the Action PotentialResting Membrane Potential
Nervous System: The Resting Membrane Potential Worksheet In a physiologically normal cell, the concentration gradient favors K+ flow out of the cell. Potassium is held in the cell, however, by the forces of the negative charge that builds up along the inside of the plasma membrane. This force is known as the _________________________. As potassium diffuses out of a cell, the inside of the cell becomes electrically more _________________________. The active transporter responsible for maintaining the physiologically normal concentrations of sodium and potassium in the intracellular and extracellular fluids is the _________________________. When ion channels close, the permeability of the plasma membrane to that ion _________________________. What cation, of those specifically discussed in this topic, typically has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid than in the intracellular fluid? How can membrane permeability to an ion be increased? Under what condition would there be NO net movement of K+ through leak channels? What does the term “resting membrane potential” in a neuron mean?
Complete the following exercise worksheets: Events at the SynapseGeneration of an Action PotentialPropagation and Velocity of the Action PotentialResting Membrane Potential
Nervous System I: Propagation and Velocity of the Action Potential 1. After an action potential, the neuron cannot generate another action potential because _______ channels are inactive. This period is called the __________________ period. 2. a. Conduction velocity along the axon is increased by what two characteristics? 1. _________________________ 2. _________________________ b. Conduction along a myelinated axon is called __________________________ conduction.
Complete the following exercise worksheets: Events at the SynapseGeneration of an Action PotentialPropagation and Velocity of the Action PotentialResting Membrane Potential
Nervous System I—The Neuron: Generation of an Action Potential Where is the action potential initially generated? What happens to voltage-gated sodium channels at threshold? What happens if there is a weak stimulus at the initial segment, and threshold is not reached? What are the names of the two gates on the voltage-gated sodium channels? Just after the peak of the depolarization phase, what happens to the activation and inactivation gates of voltage-gated sodium channels? What happens to the membrane potential during the repolarization phase of the action potential, and what causes this change? At the end of the action potential’s depolarization phase, the membrane potential is about ____________ mV. The depolarization phase of the action potential is primarily due to a change in membrane permeability to ____________. If the membrane reaches the trigger point, known as threshold, it will generate a(n) ____________.
Complete the following exercise worksheets: Events at the SynapseGeneration of an Action PotentialPropagation and Velocity of the Action PotentialResting Membrane Potential
Nervous System II: Events at the Synapse 1. What channels in the presynaptic neuron open up in response to an action potential? ________________________ 2. The presence of what ion inside the cell causes the synaptic vesicles to fuse with the membrane? ________ 3. a. What is the name for the chemicals stored in the synaptic vesicles? ____________ b. What do these chemicals diffuse across? _________________________ c. Where do these chemicals bind to receptors? _________________________ 4. What type of gated channels do these chemicals open? ___________________ 5. Name two ways these chemicals can be removed from the synaptic cleft. 1. _________________________ 2. _________________________